In a year-long process, artist Josephine Halvorson explored the intricate multistep process of creating a sophisticated colour print with Wingate Studio and master printer James Pettengill in New Hampshire. The relationship between the artist and master printer has a rich history, critical to the foundations of printmaking itself. The master printer’s expertise and technical knowledge of certain processes are critical to guiding the actualisation of an artist’s work, both physically and aesthetically. “Fire” is Halvorson’s first etching and her painterly background, affinity for everyday objects, and close in-person observation is evident in each step of the process. The wood-burning stove is located in the printmaking workshop and is a Jotl, a brand that Halvorson’s parents sold during her childhood. She experimented with a variety of techniques including: drypoint, soft ground etching, aquatint, spit bite, sugar lift, modifying the copper plates repeatedly. After each modification, an image, or proof was printed, its visual effects analysed, and subsequently revised.
The artist and printers explored multiple printmaking processes, including burnishing in which a narrow tongue of metal is used to smooth the copper below, exposing areas of pure white. This process creates a gentle, gradual visual effect reminiscent of watercolour. The artist and printers finished burnishing the line around the flame and the spit bite on the face of the stove. After many revisions, the soft ground plate produced the desired texture on the face of the stove and around the flame and was then printed with all four isolated colour plates. The black line was printed in two different colours. After comparing the effects of the resulting proof, Halvorson selected a Paynes Gray/81 Black mix. She then lightened the orange in the center of the flame and refined areas of the stove including the lop, around the door, and the lip with sugar lift. The proofs, 43 in total, will serve as a valuable teaching tool at the MFA as they demonstrate the varied and nuanced effects of each technique, while annotations reveal how essential dialogue between artist and the studio as they work toward the life-size final proof before the edition.

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