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Royal double gong
Edo, Benin kingdom, Nigeria
17th century
Medium/Technique
Copper alloy
Dimensions
Length x width: 28.6 x 10.8 cm (11 1/4 x 4 1/4 in.)
Credit Line
Robert Owen Lehman Collection
Accession NumberL-G 7.7.2012
CollectionsAfrica and Oceania, Musical Instruments
ClassificationsMusical instruments – Idiophones
This fine bronze double-gong is ornamented by imagery of the Oba, or king, supported by two courtiers. The relief on the front of the instrument is perfectly suited to its use at major festivals and public ceremonies. The Oba, the queen mother, or a high-ranking palace official may have used this piece, and the sound they created while striking the gong added to prayers to protect the community from evil. The small spherical rattles on the edges and the smaller gong attached to the front produce different tones when tapped. Note the small figure on the upper edge of the gong, elaborately dressed in coral for a special occasion, and the small figure on the lower gong, who is holding a type of rattle.
Provenance17th century, commissioned from the Igun Eronmwon, or royal brasscasters guild, by the Oba of Benin; by descent to Oba Ovonramwen (Ovonramwen Nogbaisi, b. about 1857 - d. about 1914; r. 1888 - 1897), Royal Palace, Benin City; 1897, looted from the Royal Palace during the British military occupation of Benin by Dr. Felix Norman Ling Roth (b. 1857 – d. 1921); 1897, given by Roth to his brother, Henry Ling Roth (b. 1855 – d. 1925), Halifax, England; May 11, 1898, sold by Henry Ling Roth for £ 20 to Lt.-General Augustus Henry Pitt-Rivers (b. 1827 - d. 1900), Farnham, England; 1966, Pitt-Rivers Museum closed and collection passed by descent to Stella Howson-Clive (Pitt-Rivers), Dorset. By 2011, Robert Owen Lehman, Rochester, NY; 2012, promised gift of Robert Owen Lehman to the MFA.
NOTE:
Augustus Pitt-Rivers established a privately-owned museum in Dorset in 1880, where he housed acquisitions he made between 1880 and 1900. He kept several notebooks recording the collection, now held by Cambridge University. The collection passed by descent through Augustus Henry Pitt-Rivers’s son, Alexander Lane Fox Pitt-Rivers, to his grandson, Captain George Pitt-Rivers (1890-1966) and his common law wife, Stella Howson-Clive (Pitt-Rivers). The museum closed in 1966 and portions of the collection were sold.
NOTE:
Augustus Pitt-Rivers established a privately-owned museum in Dorset in 1880, where he housed acquisitions he made between 1880 and 1900. He kept several notebooks recording the collection, now held by Cambridge University. The collection passed by descent through Augustus Henry Pitt-Rivers’s son, Alexander Lane Fox Pitt-Rivers, to his grandson, Captain George Pitt-Rivers (1890-1966) and his common law wife, Stella Howson-Clive (Pitt-Rivers). The museum closed in 1966 and portions of the collection were sold.